Plant Details

Accepted name:: Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott [Fabaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
chinese scholar tree	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
chinese scholartree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
enju	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
flos sophorae	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
flos sophorae japonicae	Pharmaceutical	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
fructus sophorae	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
hoehwanamu	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
huai	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
huai hua	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
huai jiao	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
huai mi	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
huai ye	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
huaihua	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
huaijiao	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
huaimi	Other	Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
huáihuā	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
hòe	Other	Pl. in Trad. Med. Systems in Viet Nam (Ngoc Van & Tap, 2008)
japanese pagoda tree	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
japanese pagoda-tree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
japanese pagodatree pod	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
japanese sophora	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
japanischer schnurbaum	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
pagoda tree	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
pagoda tree flower	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
pagoda-tree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pagodatree	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
pagodatree flower	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
pagodträd	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
sofora	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
sophora	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
sophora flower	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
sophora flower-bud	Other	British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
sophora japonica	Other	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
sophorae flos	Pharmaceutical	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
sophorae flos et flos immaturus	Pharmaceutical	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
sophorae flos immaturus	Pharmaceutical	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
sophorae fructus	Pharmaceutical	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
sophorae gemmae	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
sophorae japonicae flos	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
sophorae japonicae flos immaturus	Pharmaceutical	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
sophoreae flos	Pharmaceutical	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
umbrella tree	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
槐叶	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
槐枝	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
槐根	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
槐白皮	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
槐米	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
槐胶	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
槐花	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
槐角	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
flower	dried flower bud	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
flower		British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014)
flower	dried flower or flower bud	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
Flower		Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
flower and flower bud	dried flower and flower bud	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
flower, buds		Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
flower-buds, fruit		Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990)
leaf, flower bud, flower, fruit		Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
flower		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
Floral buds (Huaimi); flowers (Huaihua)		Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
Flower		Pl. in Trad. Med. Systems in Viet Nam (Ngoc Van & Tap, 2008)
flower	dried flower bud	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
fruit		Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
flower bud and flower		Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
flower	Dried, opened flower	European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012)
fruit		Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014)
flower bud, flower		Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 34 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Sophora japonica L. Mant. Pl.: 68 (1767).
Anagyris chinensis Spreng. Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 2: 346 (1825).
Anagyris foetida Lour. Fl. Cochinch.: 260 (1790), sensu auct.
Anagyris sinensis Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 83 (1840), nom. illeg.
Macrotropis foetida DC. Prodr. 2: 98 (1825), nom. superfl.
Ormosia esquirolii H.Lév. Fl. Kouy-Tchéou: 240 (1915).
Pongamia chinensis DC. Prodr. 2: 416 (1825).
Radiusia chinensis (Spreng.) Heynh. Nom. Bot. Hort.: 582 (1841).
Robinia mitis Lour. Fl. Cochinch.: 455 (1790), nom. illeg.
Sophora angustifoliola Q.Q.Liu & H.Y.Ye Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 13: 221 (1993).
Sophora japonica f. columnaris Schwer. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 256 (1907 publ. 1908).
Sophora japonica f. oligophylla Franch. Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 5: 25 (1883).
Sophora japonica f. oligophylla Spach Hist. Nat. Vég. 1: 161 (1834).
Sophora japonica var. pendula Lodd. ex Sweet Hort. Brit.: 107 (1826).
Sophora japonica f. pendula (Lodd. ex Sweet) Zabel in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 256 (1903).
Sophora japonica f. praecox Schwer. Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 256 (1907 publ. 1908).
Sophora japonica var. pubescens (Tausch) Bosse Vollst. Handb. Bl.-Gärtn., ed. 2, 3: 408 (1842).
Sophora japonica var. vestita Rehder J. Arnold Arbor. 3: 32 (1921).
Sophora japonica var. violacea Carrière Rev. Hort. (Paris) 14: 465 (1865).
Sophora japonica f. violacea (Carrière) Zabel in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 256 (1903).
Sophora korolkowii Dieck ex Koehne Deut. Dendrol.: 323 (1893).
Sophora mairei H.Lév. Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 48 (1915), nom. illeg.
Sophora pendula (Lodd. ex Sweet) d'Ounous Rev. Hort. (Paris) 46: 280 (1874).
Sophora pubescens Tausch Flora 17: 489 (1834).
Sophora sinensis Forrest Rev. Hort. (Paris) 71: 157 (1899).
Sophora sinica Rosier J. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 14: 248 (1779).
Sophora vaniotii H.Lév. Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan: 161 (1916), nom. nud.
Sophora vestita Nakai J. Jap. Bot. 18: 222 (1942).
Styphnolobium japonicum f. oligophyllum (Spach) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 91: 109 (2016).
Styphnolobium japonicum var. pendulum (Lodd. ex Sweet) G.Kirchn. in E.A.Petzold & G.Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 366 (1864).
Styphnolobium japonicum f. pendulum (Lodd. ex Sweet) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 91: 109 (2016).
Styphnolobium japonicum var. pubescens (Tausch) G.Kirchn. in E.A.Petzold & G.Kirchner, Arbor. Muscav.: 366 (1864).
Styphnolobium japonicum f. vestitum (Rehder) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 91: 109 (2016).
Styphnolobium japonicum f. violaceum (Carrière) H.Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 91: 110 (2016).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Sophora japonica	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020) Med. Pl. in Russia & C Asia (Mamedov et al., 2005) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Sophora japonica L.	Checklist of Korean Cult. Plants (Mun-Chan et al., 1986) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Med. Pl. in Viet Nam (WHO, 1990) Med. and Magical Pl. of S Africa (Arnold et al., 2002) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) Pl. in Trad. Med. Systems in Viet Nam (Ngoc Van & Tap, 2008) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Sophora japonica Linn.	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
Sophora japonica Linne	Korean Pharmacopoeia, 10th edn. (MFDS, 2012)
Sophora japonica Linné	Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002) Korean Pharmacopoeia, 9th edn. (2007)
Sphora japonica L.	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Styphnolobium japonicum	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020)
Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott	British Pharmacopoeia 2012, Vol. 4 (2011) British Pharmacopoeia 2015, Vol. 4 (2014) European Pharmacopoeia, 7th edn. (2012) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. & Pois. Pl. 1 (Padua et al., 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)

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