Plant Details

Accepted name:: Ligustrum lucidum W.T.Aiton [Oleaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
broadleaf privet	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
cera chinensis	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
chinese liguster	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
chinese privet	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
chinese wax tree	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
chinese wax-leaf privet	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
chongbaila	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
fructus ligustri lucidi	Pharmaceutical	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
giant privet	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
glossy privet	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
glossy privet fruit	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
insect wax	Other	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
large-leaf privet	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
ligustri fructus	Pharmaceutical	Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
ligustri lucidi fructus	Pharmaceutical	Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
ligustro	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
ligustrum	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
ligustrum fruit	Other	Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
nu zhen	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
nu zhen zi	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
nv zhen zi	Other	WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2022 (WHO-UMC, 2022)
nvzhenzi	Other	Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
nyn jhen zih	Other	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
nüzhen	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015)
nüzhenzi	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015)
nǚzhēnzi	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
privet fruit	Other	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
shiny-leaved privet	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
tree privet	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
troène de chine	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
trueno	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
tō-nezumimochi	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
white wax tree	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
white waxtree	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
女貞子	Other	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
女贞	Other	Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015)
女贞叶	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
女贞子	Other	Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
女贞根	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
女贞皮	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
Insect deposit on branches		Pharmacopoeia of China (2010)
fruit	ripe fruit	Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005)
Fruit		Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015)
Fruit		Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Fruit, Seeds		Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018)
ripe fruit	dried ripe fruit	Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018)
fruit		WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2022 (WHO-UMC, 2022)
fruit		Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
Fruit		Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997)
fruit	dried ripe fruit	Pharmacopoeia of China (2005)
fruit		Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002)
fruit		Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 30 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Esquirolia sinensis H.Lév. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 441 (1912).
Faulia verrucosa Raf. Fl. Tellur. 2: 84 (1837).
Ligustrum compactum var. latifolium W.C.Cheng Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, Bot. Ser. 10: 44 (1935).
Ligustrum esquirolii H.Lév. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 147 (1911).
Ligustrum hookeri Decne. Ann. Gén. Hort. 22: 10 (1877), nom. superfl.
Ligustrum japonicum var. alivonii André Rev. Hort. (Paris) 58: 537 (1886).
Ligustrum japonicum f. aureomarginatum (Rehder) Schelle in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 420 (1903).
Ligustrum japonicum var. macrophyllum C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 797 (1911).
Ligustrum lucidum f. alivonii (André) Schelle in L.Beissner, E.Schelle & H.Zabel, Handb. Laubholzben.: 420 (1903).
Ligustrum lucidum var. alivonii (André) G.Nicholson Hand-List Trees Shrubs 2: 27 (1914).
Ligustrum lucidum var. alivonii (André) Rehder in L.H.Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 2: 913 (1900).
Ligustrum lucidum f. aureomarginatum (Rehder) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 572 (1949).
Ligustrum lucidum var. aureomarginatum Rehder in L.H.Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 2: 913 (1900).
Ligustrum lucidum var. aureovariegatum Bean Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles 2: 27 (1914).
Ligustrum lucidum var. esquirolii H.Lév. Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan: 181 (1916).
Ligustrum lucidum f. latifolium (W.C.Cheng) P.S.Hsu Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11: 200 (1966).
Ligustrum lucidum f. tricolor (Rehder) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 572 (1949).
Ligustrum lucidum var. tricolor Rehder in L.H.Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 2: 913 (1900).
Ligustrum lucidum var. xideense J.L.Liu Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 24: 130 (2004).
Ligustrum magnoliifolium Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 129 (1889).
Ligustrum nepalense var. glabrum Hook. Bot. Mag. 56: t. 2921 (1829).
Ligustrum roxburghii Blume Mus. Bot. 1: 315 (1851).
Ligustrum sinense var. latifolium T.Moore Gard. Chron., n.s., 10: 752 (1878).
Ligustrum wallichii Vis. Atti Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. Lett. Arti, ser. 3, 4: 138 (1859).
Olea chinensis Sweet Hort. Brit.: 352 (1826).
Olea clavata G.Don Gen. Hist. 4: 48 (1837).
Phillyrea paniculata Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1: 100 (1820).
Phillyrea terminalis Roxb. ex Wall. Numer. List: n.° 2816A (1831), nom. nud.
Phillyrea terminalis B.Heyne ex Wall. Numer. List: n.° 2816B (1831), nom. nud.
Visiania paniculata (Roxb.) DC. Prodr. 8: 289 (1844).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Ligusticum lucidum W.T. Aiton	WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019)
Ligustrum lucidum	Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007) Trad. Med. in Dali Prefecture, SW China (Zhang et al., 2014)
Ligustrum lucidum Ait.	Hong Kong Chinese Materia Med. Standards (2014) Illus. Chinese Materia Medica (Wu, 2005) Med. Pl. in China (WHO, 1997) Pharmacopoeia of China (2005) Pharmacopoeia of China (2010) Pharmacopoeia of China (2015) Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) TCM Plants for Syst. Bio. Evaluation (Eisenberg et al., 2011) Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Ligustrum lucidum Ait. F.	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
Ligustrum lucidum Ait. f.	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Ligustrum lucidum Aiton	Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (2002) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997) SOTWP 2016: PROTA (2015)
Ligustrum lucidum W. T. Aiton	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
Ligustrum lucidum W.T. Aiton	Med. Pl. Used by Maonan People in China (Hong et al., 2015) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2022 (WHO-UMC, 2022) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2023 (WHO-UMC, 2023) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Ligustrum lucidum W.T.Aiton	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Taiwan Herbal Pharmacop. 3rd Chinese ed. (MOHW, 2018) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)
Ligustrum lucidum W.T.Ation	Pl. Meds for Musculoskeletal Disorders, N. Pakistan (Malik et al., 2018)

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