Plant Details

Accepted name:: Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière [Pinaceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
abies canadensis	Other	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
canada hemlock	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000)
canadian hemlock	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
eastern hemlock	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Native American Ethnobot.(Moerman, 1998) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
eastern hemlock-spruce	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
hemlock	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
hemlock, spruce	Other	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009)
hemlocktanne	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pruche de l'est	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
pruche du canada	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
sapin hemlock	Other	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009)
tsuga canadese	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
oil, bark		Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004)
leaf (needle), terminal branchlets	essential oil	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 66 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Abies americana Mill. Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 6 (1768).
Abies canadensis (L.) Dum.Cours. Bot. Cult. 3: 774 (1802), nom. illeg.
Abies canadensis var. alba-spica Barron ex Gordon Pinetum, ed. 2: 421 (1875).
Abies canadensis var. argentea J.Nelson Pinaceae: 33 (1866).
Abies canadensis atrovirens Parsons Nursery Cat. (Parsons & Son) 59: ? (1889).
Abies canadensis var. gracilis Waterer ex Gordon Pinetum, Suppl.: 9 (1862).
Abies canadensis microphylla Lindl. Gard. Chron. 1864: 460 (1864).
Abies canadensis var. milfordensis M.Young ex Gordon Pinetum, ed. 2: 421 (1875).
Abies canadensis nana (Carrière) Carrière in H.A.Jacques & F.Hérincq, Man. Gén. Pl. 4: 334 (1857).
Abies curvifolia Salisb. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 315 (1807).
Abies pectinata Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl. 6: 523 (1805), nom. superfl.
Picea canadensis (L.) Link Linnaea 15: 524 (1842).
Pinus americana (Mill.) Du Roi Diss. Inaug. Obs. Bot.: 39 (1771).
Pinus canadensis L. Sp. Pl., ed. 2.: 1421 (1763).
Pinus pendula Sol. ex Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 399 (1796), nom. illeg.
Tsuga americana (Mill.) Farw. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 41: 629 (1914 publ. 1915).
Tsuga canadensis var. alba-spica (Barron ex Gordon) Beissn. in H.Jaeger & L.Beissner, Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl., ed. 2: 445 (1884).
Tsuga canadensis f. alba-spica (Barron ex Gordon) Beissn. Handb. Conif.: 40 (1887).
Tsuga canadensis var. argentea (J.Nelson) A.Henry in H.J.Elwes & A.Henry, Trees Great Britain 2: 239 (1907).
Tsuga canadensis f. argentea (J.Nelson) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 647 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis argenteovariegata Sudw. Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 44 (1897).
Tsuga canadensis argentifolia Sudw. Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 44 (1897).
Tsuga canadensis f. atrovirens (Parsons) Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 2: 89 (1909).
Tsuga canadensis f. aurea (Beissn.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 647 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis var. aurea Beissn. in H.Jaeger & L.Beissner, Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl., ed. 2: 445 (1884).
Tsuga canadensis f. columnaris Bolle ex Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk.: 402 (1891).
Tsuga canadensis f. compacta (Sénécl.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 17 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis var. compacta Sénécl. Conifères: 19 (1868).
Tsuga canadensis var. dawsoniana Swartley Natl. Nurseryman 46(6): 4 (1938).
Tsuga canadensis f. dawsoniana (Swartley) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 648 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis var. erecta Sudw. Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 43 (1897).
Tsuga canadensis f. fastigiata Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk.: 89 (1891).
Tsuga canadensis f. fremdii (A.Kost. ex Swartley) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 648 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis var. fremdii A.Kost. ex Swartley Natl. Nurseryman 46(6): 4 (1938).
Tsuga canadensis f. globosa Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk.: 402 (1891).
Tsuga canadensis f. gracilis (Waterer ex Gordon) Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk.: 402 (1891).
Tsuga canadensis f. hussii (Swartley) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 648 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis var. hussii Swartley Natl. Nurseryman 46(6): 4 (1938).
Tsuga canadensis var. jenkinsii L.H.Bailey Cult. Conif.: 124 (1933).
Tsuga canadensis f. jenkinsii (L.H.Bailey) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 17 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis f. microphylla (Lindl.) Beissn. Handb. Conif.: 40 (1887).
Tsuga canadensis milfordensis G.Nicholson Ill. Dict. Gard. 4: 101 (1889).
Tsuga canadensis f. minima (Hesse ex Schelle) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 648 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis minima Hesse ex Schelle Winterh. Nadelh.: 114 (1909).
Tsuga canadensis var. minuta Teusch. New Fl. & Silva 7: 274 (1935).
Tsuga canadensis f. minuta (Teusch.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 648 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis f. nana (Carrière) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 647 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis var. nana Carrière Traité Gén. Conif.: 190 (1855).
Tsuga canadensis f. parvula Vict. & J.Rousseau Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal 36: 13 (1940).
Tsuga canadensis paucifolia Sudw. Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 42 (1897).
Tsuga canadensis f. pendula Beissn. Handb. Conif.: 40 (1877).
Tsuga canadensis var. pendula (Beissn.) Beissn. in H.Jaeger & L.Beissner, Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl., ed. 2: 445 (1884).
Tsuga canadensis f. prostrata Jenk. Bull. Hemlock Arbor. 35: [3] (1941).
Tsuga canadensis f. pumila Ordnung ex Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 2: 89 (1909).
Tsuga canadensis var. pumila (Ordnung ex Beissn.) Sudw. Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 42 (1897).
Tsuga canadensis var. pyramidalis Zederb. Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1 116: 1907 (1936).
Tsuga canadensis var. sargentiana A.H.Kent in H.J.Veitch, Man. Conif., ed. 2: 465 (1900).
Tsuga canadensis var. sargentii A.Henry in H.J.Elwes & A.Henry, Trees Great Britain 2: 239 (1907), nom. superfl.
Tsuga canadensis f. sargentii C.K.Schneid. in E.E.Silva Tarouca, Uns. Freil.-Nadelhölzer: 294 (1913).
Tsuga canadensis sargentii-pendula Parsons Nursery Cat. (Parsons & Son) 1896: 59 (1896).
Tsuga canadensis var. sparsifolia Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk.: 402 (1891).
Tsuga canadensis f. sparsifolia (Beissn.) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 647 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis var. taxifolia Swartley Amer. Nurseryman 46(6): 10 (1938).
Tsuga canadensis f. taxifolia (Swartley) Rehder Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 647 (1949).
Tsuga canadensis variegata Otto Hamburger Garten- Blumenzeitung 29: 202 (1873).
Tsuga canadensis var. wellesiana Hornibr. Dwarf Conifers, ed. 2: 274 (1939).

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Tsuga canadensis	Med. Pl. of the World (Wyk & Wink, 2004) Substances in Meds., Australia (TGA, 2007)
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Native American Ethnobot.(Moerman, 1998) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere	World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020)
Tsuga canadensis Carr.	U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (HPUS, 2009)
Tsuga canadensis L. Carriere	ISO 4720:2009 Essential Oils: Nomenclature (2009)
Tsuga canedensis Carr.	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)

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