Plant Details

Accepted name:: Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson [Araceae]
Source:: World Checklist ( High Taxonomic Confidence )
More about this plant:: Plants of the World Online

Non-scientific name:	Class of name:	Medicinal source:
alu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
alukamu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
anaittantu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
arsagana	Other	Veg. Drugs in Basavarajeeyam (Suryanarayana Raju, 2001)
arsaghana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
arsaghna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
arsghna	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
arshoghna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
arsoghna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
arśoghna	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
badul	Other	Med. Pl. Kalimantan, Indonesia (Caniago et al., 1998)
bahukanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
balukand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
boomi sallaraikilangu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
buk	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
buk-khungkhok	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
bunga bangkai	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
camattilai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cena	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cena karana	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
cenai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cgeba	Other	Veg. Drugs in Basavarajeeyam (Suryanarayana Raju, 2001)
chena	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
chenaikkizhangu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
chenakarona-kizhanna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
choorana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
choorana gedde	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cinapavu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cirramitakkarunai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
cobra plant	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
daradakandagadda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
dracontium polyphyllum	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
duladumpa	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
durnamari	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
elefantenkartoffel	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
elephant foot	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Trad. Herb. Remedies for Primary Health Care (WHO SE Asia, 2011)
elephant foot yam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Pl. & People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
elephant yam	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
elephant-foot yam	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
elephant-yam	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
gam kidaram	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
gandira	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ghemikanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
gimikanda	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
hakai	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
jamikand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. Marketing in Bangladesh (Dixie et al., 2003)
jaminkand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jangli soorana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jangli suran	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jimikand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
jimmikand	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
jungli suran	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
kaathukarunai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
kamaikilandu	Other	Veg. Drugs in Basavarajeeyam (Suryanarayana Raju, 2001)
kand-ayak	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
kanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Veg. Drugs in Basavarajeeyam (Suryanarayana Raju, 2001)
kanda gedde	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kandagodda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kandala	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
kandanayaka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kandarha	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kandashurana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kandi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kandula	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kanduula	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
kandvardhana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kanona kanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kantai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kanthalla	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karak karunai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karak-karunai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karakarunai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karakkaranai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karanaikkilanku	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karikkarunai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karnai kilangu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karukkarunaikkilangu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karuna kalang	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunai kizhangu	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunai-k-kilanku	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunai-t-tantu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunaikizhangu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunaikkalang	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunaikkilhangu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunaikkishangu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunaippala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
karunakarang	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kattuchena	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kattuchenai	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
kattukarnei	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kiccilikkizanku	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kidaran	Other	Trad. Med. in Sri Lanka (Kankanamalage et al., 2014)
kizhanna	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kunda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kunda-muncha-kunda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
kurruna kalungu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
loki	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
madana masta	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
malaiyalaccenaikkilanku	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mancai kanda durada gadda	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
manchi kanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
manchi-kindaguddae	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
manchikanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
mulenschena	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
naati kanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ol	Other	Pl. & People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002)
ol kachu	Other	Med. Pl. Marketing in Bangladesh (Dixie et al., 2003)
ola	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ole	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
olkachu	Other	Ethnobot. of Pangkhua Community in Bangladesh (Faruque, 2019)
olla	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
olooakanda	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
oorakanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
paati kanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
panjaragedde	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
perunkarunai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
poti-kunda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
potikanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pulikkarunai	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
pungapung	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
purple stalked dragon	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ranilawngbal	Other	Ethnobot. of Pangkhua Community in Bangladesh (Faruque, 2019)
rutchyakanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sala	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
schena	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
senai kizhangu	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
sooran	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
soorana gedde	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
stanley's washtub	Other	Pl. & People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002)
sthulakandaka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
stink lily	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
sukandi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
suran	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med. Pl. Marketing in Bangladesh (Dixie et al., 2003)
suran-kand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
surana	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
surana powder	Other	Trad. Herb. Remedies for Primary Health Care (WHO SE Asia, 2011)
suranagadde	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
suranah	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
suranaka	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
suranakanda	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
surankand	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
surom	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
suurana	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
suvarna gedde	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
suvarna gerdde	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
suvarna-gadde	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
suvarnagadde	Other	Veg. Drugs in Basavarajeeyam (Suryanarayana Raju, 2001)
suvitra	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
suweg	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
sweet-yam	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
sūraṇa (corm)	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
taittiyamatanacceti	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
taittiyamatanam	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
telinga potato	Other	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
telinga-potato	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
telingo-potato	Other	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999)
telugu potato	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
thiya-kandha	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
tivrakantha	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
ubi kekek	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
vajrakanda	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vajrandi	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
vatari	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
wa-u-bin	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
wa-u-pin	Other	Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
whitespot giant arum	Other	U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016)
zamikand	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
zamikanda	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
zamin-kand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
zamin-qand	Other	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
zaminkand	Other	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
zaminqand	Other	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
zanninkand	Other	Veg. Drugs in Basavarajeeyam (Suryanarayana Raju, 2001)
ගං කිඩාරම්	Other	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
鸡爪芋	Other	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)

Part(s) of plant used:	Drug form:	Medicinal source:
Tuber		Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
Tuber		Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Corm, rhizome		Trad. Herb. Remedies for Primary Health Care (WHO SE Asia, 2011)
Tuber		Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018)
corm	dried corm	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
corm, roots, leaves	fresh plant material, dry plant material	Trad. Med. in Sri Lanka (Kankanamalage et al., 2014)
stem, leaf		Med. Pl. Kalimantan, Indonesia (Caniago et al., 1998)
corm	dried corm	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011)
Root		Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)

Kew's taxonomic resources include 33 scientific synonym(s) for this plant:

Amorphophallus campanulatus Decne. Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 3: 366 (1834).
Amorphophallus dubius Blume Rumphia 1: 142 (1837).
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius var. campanulatus Sivad. Taxon 32: 130 (1983), not validly publ.
Amorphophallus rex Prain J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 62: 79 (1893).
Amorphophallus virosus N.E.Br. Gard. Chron., n.s., 23: 759 (1885).
Arum campanulatum Roxb. Pl. Coromandel 3: 68 (1820), nom. illeg.
Plesmonium nobile Schott Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 279 (1864).
Amorphophallus campanulatus var. blumei Prain Bengal Pl. 2: 1109 (1903).
Amorphophallus campanulatus f. darnleyensis F.M.Bailey Queensland Agric. J., n.s., 1: 124 (1914).
Amorphophallus chatty Andrews Ill. Hort. 19: 361 (1872).
Amorphophallus decurrens (Blanco) Kunth Enum. Pl. 3: 581 (1841).
Amorphophallus dixenii K.Larsen & S.S.Larsen Reinwardtia 9: 141 (1974).
Amorphophallus giganteus Blume Rumphia 1: 144 (1837), nom. illeg.
Amorphophallus gigantiflorus Hayata Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 101 (1916).
Amorphophallus malaccensis Ridl. J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 41: 46 (1904).
Amorphophallus microappendiculatus Engl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 458 (1923).
Amorphophallus sativus Blume Rumphia 1: 145 (1837).
Arum decurrens Blanco Fl. Filip.: 656 (1837).
Arum phalliferum Oken Allg. Naturgesch. 3(1): 595 (1841).
Arum rumphii Oken Allg. Naturgesch. 3(1): 595 (1841).
Arum rumphii Gaudich. Voy. Uranie: 43 (1826), nom. illeg.
Candarum hookeri Schott in H.W.Schott & S.L.Endlicher, Melet. Bot.: 17 (1832), nom. illeg.
Candarum roxburghii Schott in H.W.Schott & S.L.Endlicher, Melet. Bot.: 17 (1832), nom. illeg.
Candarum rumphii Schott in H.W.Schott & S.L.Endlicher, Melet. Bot.: 17 (1832), nom. illeg.
Conophallus giganteus Schott ex Miq. Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 198 (1856), nom. illeg.
Conophallus sativus (Blume) Schott Prodr. Syst. Aroid.: 35 (1860).
Dracontium paeoniifolium Dennst. Schlüssel Hortus Malab.: 38 (1818).
Dracontium polyphyllum Dennst. Schlüssel Hortus Malab.: 38 (1818), nom. illeg.
Dracontium polyphyllum G.Forst. Pl. Esc.: 61 (1786), sensu auct.
Dunalia artensis Montrouz. Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 26: 576 (1866).
Hydrosme gigantiflora (Hayata) S.S.Ying Mem. Coll. Agric. Natl. Taiwan Univ. 31(1): 31 (1991).
Kunda verrucosa Raf. Fl. Tellur. 2: 82 (1837), nom. illeg.
Pythion campanulatum Mart. Flora 14: 459 (1831), nom. superfl.

This plant is cited in medicinal sources using the following names:

Name as published:	Medicinal source:
Amorphophallus campanulatus	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020)
Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Bl. ex Deene.	Med. Pl. Kalimantan, Indonesia (Caniago et al., 1998)
Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Bl.ex Decne	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020)
Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Blume ex Decne.	Indian Med. Pl. Dictionary (Khare, 2007)
Amorphophallus campanulatus (Roxb.) Blume.	Ayurvedic Pharm. of India (1999-2011) Trad. Herb. Remedies for Primary Health Care (WHO SE Asia, 2011)
Amorphophallus campanulatus Blume	Pl. & People of Nepal (Manandhar, 2002) Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Amorphophallus campanulatus Blume ex Decn.	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017)
Amorphophallus campanulatus Blume ex Decne	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Orders & Families of Med. Pl. in Philippines (Carag & Buot, 2017)
Amorphophallus companulatus (Roxb) Blex Decne	Veg. Drugs in Basavarajeeyam (Suryanarayana Raju, 2001)
Amorphophallus dubius Blume	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008) Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Amorphophallus paeonifolius	Pl. Med. Totius Mundi (Penso & Proserpio, 1997)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Denn.) N.	Polyglot Asian Med.: Malay Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.)	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson	GRIN Report: World Economic Pl. (Wiersema & León, 1999) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020) Med Pl. of Myanmar (DeFilipps & Krupnick, 2018) SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015) Trad. Med. in Sri Lanka (Kankanamalage et al., 2014) U.S. FDA Substance Registration System (2016) WHODrug Herbal Substances (WHO-UMC, 2019) WHODrug Herbal Substances, Suppl. 2022 (WHO-UMC, 2022) World Checklist of Useful Pl. Spp. (Diazgranados et al., 2020) World Dictionary of Med. & Pois. Pl. (Quattrocchi, 2012)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson var. campanulatus (Blume ex Decne.) Sivad.	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2008)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson var. campanulatus (Decne.) Sivad.	Herbs of Commerce (McGuffin et al., 2000) Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson var. paeonifolius	Demand & Supply of Med. Pl. in India (Ved et al., 2017)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson.	Ethnobot. of Pangkhua Community in Bangladesh (Faruque, 2019)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius var. campanulatus	Ayurvedic Med. Pl. of Sri Lanka (Samarasuriya et al., 2020)
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius var. campanulatus (Decne.) Sivad.	SOTWP 2016: Kew Economic Botany Collection (RBG, Kew, 2015)
Amorphophallus rex	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020)
Amorphophallus virosus N. E. Browu	Polyglot Asian Med.: Chinese Subset (Stanley-Baker, 2022)
Amorphophallus virosus N.E.Brown	Zhonghua Bencao: Materia Medica of China (1998)
Amorphophalus companulatus	Med. Pl. Marketing in Bangladesh (Dixie et al., 2003)
Arum campanulatum Roxb.	Indian Med. Pl. Database (TDU, 2020)
Plesmonium nobile	Consv. of Indonesian Med. Pl. (Cahyaningsih, 2020)

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